Impophoma Yokwabiwa Kwentlawulo

Impophoma yokwabiwa lulandelelwano olumiselweyo intlawulo esetyenziswa ngalo kwimali etyalwa ngumboleki. Imali engenayo izalisa udidi lokuqala de lwaneliseke, ize ithontsize kolulandelayo, nakolulandelayo, de intlawulo iphele. Ulandelelwano oluqhelekileyo lolu: izohlwayo, ze imirhumo, ze inzala, ze imali eyingundoqo.

Lukho kuba intlawulo ayisoze ibe yinto enye kuphela. Umboleki ohlawula 1,200 kwisahlulo sentlawulo esingu-1,000 esinesohlwayo sokulibaziseka esingu-150 nenzala eqokelelekileyo engu-45 akenzi "intlawulo yemali eyingundoqo" — intlawulo kufuneka yahlulwe, kwaye olo lwahlulo kufuneka lulandele umgaqo ofanayo ngalo lonke ixesha.

Ngaphandle komgaqo omiselweyo, le nto inye ingu-1,200 ingarekhodwa ngeendlela ezine ezahlukeneyo ngamagosa amane emirhumo ahlukeneyo, kwaye akukho namnye kuwo ophosakeleyo.

Impophoma eqhelekileyo

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Intlawulo yamkelwe
      │
      ▼
1. Izohlwayo   ── imirhumo yokulibaziseka, inzala yokungahlawuli, iindleko zamatyala
      │ (intsalela)
      ▼
2. Imirhumo    ── ukucwangciswa, i-inshorensi, ezomthetho, ulawulo, iindleko zokuqokelela
      │ (intsalela)
      ▼
3. Inzala      ── inzala eqokelelekileyo engekahlawulwa
      │ (intsalela)
      ▼
4. Imali eyingundoqo ── imali ebolekiswe ngokwenene
      │ (intsalela)
      ▼
5. Intlawulo egqithisileyo ── ibhalansi yetyala, egcinelwe amasahlulo azayo

Umzekelo osebenzayo. Umboleki utyala u-150 kwizohlwayo, u-0 kwimirhumo, u-420 kwinzala eqokelelekileyo, no-8,000 kwimali eyingundoqo. Uhlawula u-1,000.

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| Inyathelo            | Okutyalwayo | Okwabiweyo | Intlawulo eseleyo |
| -------------------- | ----------: | ---------: | ----------------: |
| Izohlwayo            |         150 |        150 |               850 |
| Imirhumo             |           0 |          0 |               850 |
| Inzala               |         420 |        420 |               430 |
| Imali eyingundoqo    |       8,000 |        430 |                 0 |

Imali eyingundoqo yemboleko ihla iye ku-7,570. Izohlwayo nenzala zihlawulwe zonke. Akusali nto.

Ngoku lo mboleki mnye uhlawula u-400 endaweni yoko:

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| Inyathelo            | Okutyalwayo | Okwabiweyo | Intlawulo eseleyo |
| -------------------- | ----------: | ---------: | ----------------: |
| Izohlwayo            |         150 |        150 |               250 |
| Imirhumo             |           0 |          0 |               250 |
| Inzala               |         420 |        250 |                 0 |
| Imali eyingundoqo    |       8,000 |          0 |                 0 |

Imali eyingundoqo ayishukumi konke konke. Imboleko isekwi-8,000 engahlawulwanga, kunye ne-170 yenzala esaqokelelekile engahlawulwanga — kwaye, okubaluleke ngakumbi, isahlulo sentlawulo asanelisekanga, ngoko imboleko isasemva ngentlawulo kwaye isaqhubeka ukwaluphala. Umbolekisi obeya kusebenzisa loo 400 ngokuthe ngqo kwimali eyingundoqo ngeyabonise umboleki eqhubela phambili ngelixa ebesiya ngokusala ngasemva ngakumbi.

Kutheni izohlwayo zisiza kuqala

Olu landelelwano alulohlobo lokuzikhethela. Lusuka kwindleko eguquguqukayo ngamandla, esandul' ukwenzeka, luye kweyona izinzileyo.

Izohlwayo kuqala kuba yindleko eqhubeka ikhula xa ingahlawulwa. Ukushiya isohlwayo singahlawulwanga ngelixa unciphisa imali eyingundoqo kuthetha ukuba isohlwayo siyadluliselwa kwixesha elilandelayo size siqokelele kwakhona.

Imirhumo ilandele kuba idla ngokuba zizixa zexesha elinye ezisele zifunyenwe ngumbolekisi — iindleko zokuqokelela, iindleko zomthetho, iipremiyam ze-inshorensi ezihlawulelwe umboleki. Yimali osele uyichithile.

Inzala phambi kwemali eyingundoqo kuba inzala lixabiso lemali esaphuma. Ukuba intlawulo ibinganciphisa imali eyingundoqo ngelixa inzala ingahlawulwanga, loo nzala ingahlawulwanga ibiya kuhlala kwiakhawunti ngokungenasiphelo kwaye, kwiincwadi ezininzi, ibiya kufakwa buthule kwimali eyingundoqo. Ezoqoqosho zemboleko ziyeka ukuhambelana neshedyuli yayo.

Imali eyingundoqo ekugqibeleni kuba yeyona nxalenye ingakhuliyo. Ikhuselekile ezantsi empophomeni.

Intlawulo egqithisileyo ekugqibeleni kwako konke. Nantoni na eseleyo emva kwemali eyingundoqo kufuneka ihlale njengebhalansi yetyala kwisahlulo esilandelayo, ingatshoni kwiakhawunti yokulinda engahlengahlengiswa mntu.

Apho ababolekisi bahluka khona

Ezinye iincwadi zibeka imirhumo phambi kwezohlwayo. Ezinye zahlula inzala eqokelelekileyo kwinzala esele ibhaliwe kwibhili, zize zihlawule inxalenye ebhaliweyo kuqala. Kwezinye iimarike, ababolekisi abalawulwa ngumthetho banyanzelekile ukuba basebenzise iintlawulo kwimali eyingundoqo kuqala kwiimveliso ezithile zabathengi, okanye bazisebenzise kwisahlulo esidala kuqala phambi kwesitsha.

Nasiphi na kwezi sisenokuthethelelwa. Into engenakuthethelelwa kukungabi namgaqo obhaliweyo, okanye ukuba nomgaqo owahlukileyo kwisebe ngalinye. Khetha ulandelelwano, ulubhale, uluseke kanye, uze ulusebenzise kwintlawulo nganye kwimboleko nganye.

Impophoma yesahlulo sentlawulo kunye neyeakhawunti iphela

Kukho umbuzo wesibini impophoma ekufuneka iwuphendule: intlawulo ijolise kwesiphi isahlulo?

Esidala kuqala (kwinqanaba leakhawunti). Intlawulo ihlawula isahlulo esidala esingahlawulwanga ngokupheleleyo — izohlwayo zaso, imirhumo, inzala, nemali eyingundoqo — ingekachukumisi esilandelayo. Le yeyona ndlela iqhelekileyo neyona ababoleki abaninzi bayilindeleyo. Icoca amatyala ngolandelelwano awavela ngalo.

Esikhoyo ngoku kuqala. Intlawulo yanelisa isahlulo sangoku phambi kwamatyala amadala. Isetyenziswa ngamanye amaxesha ekulungiseni imboleko kwakhona, apho injongo kukwenza umboleki abe kwimeko elungileyo ukusuka ngoku, aze amatyala akudala aphathwe ngokwahlukileyo.

Ngokulinganayo. Intlawulo isasazwa kuwo onke amasahlulo angahlawulwanga. Ayiqhelekanga, kwaye kunzima ukuyicacisela umboleki.

Esidala kuqala kukhetho olusengqiqweni. Kuphela kolu apho ithi "usemva ngamasahlulo amabini" ihlala iyinyani kwaye iqondakala.

Yintoni ephosakalayo ngaphandle kwempophoma engaguqukiyo

Iphothifoliyo yakho esemngciphekweni ayichanekanga. Intlawulo eyinxenye esetyenziswe kwimali eyingundoqo endaweni yesahlulo esingahlawulwanga inokwenza imboleko esemva ibonakale ihleli kakuhle. Imboleko iyayeka ukwaluphala, iphume kwi-PAR, ize ivele kwakhona emva kweenyanga ezintathu isibi kakhulu. I-PAR ithembeka kuphela ngangomgaqo wokwabiwa ongaphantsi kwayo.

Ingeniso yakho ichazwa ngokungachanekanga. Inzala nezohlwayo yingeniso. Imali eyingundoqo lutshintsho kwibhalansi shithi. Ukusebenzisa intlawulo kudidi olungachanekanga kushenxisa imali phakathi kwengxelo yakho yenzuzo nelahleko kunye nebhalansi shithi yakho — nto leyo ethetha ukuba inani lakho lengeniso, imeko yakho yerhafu, kunye nokubekelwa bucala kwakho konke kuphambukile kancinci, kwaye impazamo iyanyuka kumawaka eentlawulo.

Ababoleki baphikisana neebhalansi zabo. Ukuba ingxelo yomboleki ayinakwakhiwa kwakhona kwimbali yeentlawulo zakhe, uza kuluphulukana nolo xoxo — kwaye kwimarike elawulwa ngumthetho, unokuluphulukana ngokusesikweni. Impophoma ebhaliweyo yenza yonke ibhalansi icaciseke umgca ngomgca.

Inzala iyaqhubeka iqokeleleka kwimboleko obucinga ukuba iyancipha. Owona mfanekiso ubiza kakhulu: imali eyingundoqo yancitshiswa ephepheni ngelixa inzala engahlawulwanga yayiqokeleleka ngasemva. Umboleki ukholelwa ukuba uphantse wagqiba. Inkqubo ithi akunjalo. Kufuneka kubekho umntu owenza loo ncoko.

Amasebe amabini anika amanani awohlukeneyo ngemveliso enye. Xa ukwabiwa kusenziwa ngesandla, kuyaphambuka. Igosa lesebe elinye lihlawula izohlwayo kuqala, elelinye lihlawule isahlulo ngokulinganayo. Akukho namnye owaziyo ukuba omnye wenza ngokwahlukileyo de umphicothi-zincwadi ajonge iincwadi ecaleni kwezinye.

Iingxelo zeakhawunti

Inyathelo ngalinye lempophoma lichaphazela iakhawunti eyahlukileyo, yiyo loo nto ulandelelwano kufuneka lulunge phambi kokuba iingxelo zokubhala kabini zenziwe, hayi emva koko.

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| Inyathelo lempophoma      | I-Debit        | I-Credit                            |
| ------------------------- | -------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| Izohlwayo                 | Ukhaphu / Ibhanki | Ingeniso yezohlwayo              |
| Imirhumo                  | Ukhaphu / Ibhanki | Ingeniso yemirhumo               |
| Inzala                    | Ukhaphu / Ibhanki | Ingeniso yenzala                 |
| Imali eyingundoqo         | Ukhaphu / Ibhanki | Iimboleko ekufuneka zihlawulwe   |
| Intlawulo egqithisileyo   | Ukhaphu / Ibhanki | Ibhalansi yetyala lomboleki      |

Ukuba ukwabiwa akuchanekanga, neengxelo azichanekanga. Ukurekhoda yonke intlawulo njengecredit enye kwiimboleko ekufuneka zihlawulwe — into eyenziwa ziincwadi ezininzi ze-spreadsheet — kunciphisa ingeniso kwaye kwangaxeshanye kwandisa ngokugqithisileyo ukubuyiselwa kwemali eyingundoqo.