Ukukhishwa Kwezimali

Ukukhishwa kwezimali kuyisenzo sokukhokha imali — ukudedela imali isuke esikhungweni iye kumboleki, kumhlinzeki, kumzuzi noma komunye umamukeli. Ekubolekisaneni, ukukhishwa kwezimali kuyisikhathi lapho imalimboleko egunyaziwe iyeka ukuba isinqumo esisephepheni futhi iba ibhalansi esele eweletwayo.

Kuyiphuzu eliyisizinda sokuphila kwemalimboleko. Ngaphambi kokukhishwa kwezimali isikhungo sinesibopho; ngemva kwalokho, isikhungo sinempahla ekhiqiza inzalo, enobungozi besikweletu, engena kuphothifoliyo, futhi okumele ilandelwe, ibekelwe imali futhi ekugcineni ibuyiselwe.

Leli gama liphinde lisetshenziswe kabanzi kwezokubalwa kwezimali nasezimalini zomphakathi kunoma yikuphi ukuphuma kwemali — ukukhishwa kwezibonelelo, ukukhishwa kwezimali zomshwalense, ukukhishwa kwezimali ku-akhawunti ye-escrow. Okuvamile lapha yindlela ehambayo: imali ishiya ukulawulwa yisikhungo futhi ifinyelela kumamukeli okuhloswe.

Ukukhishwa kwezimali uma kuqhathaniswa namagama ahlobene

• Ukukhishwa kwezimali: Izimali ezidedelwa yisikhungo ziye kumamukeli
• Ukudonswa kwemali: Isenzo somboleki sokucela noma sokuthatha izimali esibonelelweni semali esitholakalayo
• Inkokhelo: Noma yikuphi ukudluliswa kwenani, kunoma iyiphi indlela
• Ukukhokhelwa: Ukudluliswa kokugcina, okungenakuhoxiswa kwezimali phakathi kwama-akhawunti
• Ukubuyiselwa kwemali: Izimali ezibuyela emuva zisuka kumboleki ziye kumbolekisi

Ukudonswa kwemali nokukhishwa kwezimali kuchaza isenzakalo esifanayo kusukela ezinhlangothini eziphambene zokwenziwayo: umboleki uyadonsa, umbolekisi uyakhipha. Umehluko ubonakala ngokusebenza ngezibonelelo ezijikelezayo, lapho umkhawulo ogunyaziwe ungadonswa ngokukhishwa kwezimali okuningana okuhlukene ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Inqubo yokukhishwa kwezimali

Ukukhishwa kwezimali kuwukulandelana okulawulwayo, hhayi isenzo esisodwa. Ukugeleza okuvamile:

1. Ukuvunywa. Isinqumo sezikweletu sesiqediwe futhi imigomo yemalimboleko isimisiwe — inani, izinga lenzalo, isikhathi, isibambiso.
2. Imibandela eyandulelayo yenelisekile. Konke okudingwa yinkontileka ngaphambi kokuba izimali zihambe kuhlangatsheziwe futhi kufakazelwe.
3. Imibhalo isayiniwe. Isivumelwano semalimboleko sisayiniwe, isibambiso sibhalisiwe, iziqinisekiso ziphothuliwe.
4. Umyalelo wokukhishwa kwezimali usunguliwe. Ilungu labasebenzi liqala inkokhelo ngemininingwane yomzuzi kanye nenani.
5. Ukugunyazwa. Umuntu wesibili, ogunyazwe ngokuhlukene, ubuyekeza futhi agunyaze umyalelo.
6. Ukuqaliswa. Izimali zidluliswa ngomzila okhethiwe.
7. Ukuqinisekiswa. Umzila ubuya nesimo sempumelelo noma sokuhluleka; ireferensi iyarekhodwa.
8. Ukufakwa kumarekhodi. I-akhawunti yemalimboleko iyavulwa, uhlelo luyakhiqizwa, futhi amarekhodi okubalwa kwezimali ayabhalwa.

Igebe phakathi kwesinyathelo sesi-5 nesinyathelo sesi-8 yilapho ukwehluleka okuningi kokusebenza kwenzeka khona. Inkokhelo ingaphumelela emzileni kodwa yehluleke ukufakwa kuleja, noma ifakwe kabili. Ukuvumelanisa phakathi kombiko wokukhokhelwa womzila nencwadi yemalimboleko akuyona into yokuzikhethela.

Izimo Ezandulelayo

Izimo ezandulelayo yizidingo okufanele zifezeke ngaphambi kokuba kukhishwe imali. Zikhona ngoba ukugunyazwa nokukhishwa kwemali kuyizindawo zokulawula ezihlukene, futhi izinto ziyashintsha phakathi kwazo.

Izibonelo ezivamile:

• Isivumelwano semalimboleko esisayiniwe nanoma yimiphi imibhalo yomqinisekisi
• Ukuhlolwa kwenani lesibambiso sekuqediwe futhi ilungelo lesibambiso libhalisiwe
• Inqubomgomo yomshwalense esebenzayo lapho umbolekisi ebhalwe khona njengomamukeli wendlaleko
• Ibhalansi yokonga okuyimpoqo ifinyelelwe, lapho umkhiqizo udinga khona leyo bhalansi
• I-akhawunti yasebhange eqinisekisiwe noma inombolo yemali yeselula esegameni lomboleki uqobo
• Ukuqinisekiswa kokuthi umboleki akanalo irekhodi elisha elibi ebhuro lezikweletu kusukela ekugunyazweni
• Ukwakhiwa kweqembu kanye nesibopho sokuqinisekisa, emikhiqizweni yokubolekisa ngamaqembu

Ukukhishwa kwemali ngaphambi kokuba izimo zifezeke kuwukwephulwa kokulawula ngisho noma imalimboleko isebenza kahle. Kungokunye kokutholwe ocwaningomabhuku okuvame ukuvezwa kakhulu emisebenzini yezikweletu, ngoba kulula ukuyibona ngemva kwesenzakalo futhi kunzima ukuyithethelela.

Igross neNet Yokukhishwa Kwemali

Inani eliyinhloko eligunyaziwe kanye nemali umboleki ayithola ngempela kuvame ukwehluka. Ukudonswa kwemali emthonjeni kuvamile ekubolekiseni kwezimali ezincane nakubathengi.

Isibonelo: imalimboleko egunyaziwe engu-20,000.

• Inani eliyinhloko eligunyaziwe (okuphelele): 20,000.00
• Kususwe: imali yokuqalisa (2%): (400.00)
• Kususwe: umshwalense wempilo yesikweletu (1.5%): (300.00)
• Kususwe: ukonga okuyimpoqo (5%): (1,000.00)
• Kususwe: ukukhokhelwa kwebhalansi yemalimboleko yangaphambilini: (3,200.00)
• Imali ekhishwa kumboleki ngemva kokudonswa: 15,100.00

Iphuzu elibalulekile: inzalo inqwabelana phezu kwenani eliphelele eliyinhloko lika-20,000, hhayi phezu kwe-15,100 etholiwe. Izindleko zangempela zesikweletu zomboleki ziphakeme kakhulu kunalokho okuboniswa izinga elishiwo, ngoba bakhokha inzalo phezu kwemali abangakaze bayisebenzise.

Yingakho izinga lenzalo elisebenzayo noma imithetho yokudalula i-APR ezimakethe eziningi idinga ukuthi izimali ezibanjwa emthonjeni zifakwe ekubalweni. izinga elicashuniwe elingazinaki libukela phansi izindleko zangempela — ngezinye izikhathi kakhulu, emalini yemalimboleko yesikhathi esifushane lapho inkokhelo engaguquki ihlukaniswa ngezikhathi ezimbalwa.

Ukukhishwa Kwemali Okuphelele, Okuyingxenye kanye Nokwesigaba

Ukukhishwa kwemali okuphelele. Inani eliphelele eligunyaziwe likhishwa ngetransekshini eyodwa. Kuvamile emalini yemalimboleko yesikhathi esithile yabathengi kanye namabhizinisi amancane.

Ukukhishwa kwemali okuyingxenye. Kukhishwa imali encane kunaleyo egunyaziwe, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokuthi obolekayo ucele imali encane noma umbandela unciphisa ukukhishwa kokuqala.

Ukukhishwa kwemali ngezigaba noma ngezinyathelo. Isikhwama sikhishwa ngezigaba, ngasinye sincike enqubekelweni eqinisekisiwe. Kuvamile kwezezimali zokwakha, kwezezimali zempahla lapho umhlinzeki ekhokhelwa ngesikhathi sokulethwa, nasekubolekisweni kwezolimo okuhambisana nesizini. Inzalo ikhula kuphela ezimalini ezikhishwe ngempela, ngakho uhlelo kufanele lubalwe kabusha esigabeni ngasinye.

Ukukhishwa kwemali okujikelezayo. Obolekayo ukhipha futhi abuyisele ngokuphindaphindiwe ngaphakathi komkhawulo ogunyaziwe. Isikhala esitholakalayo, hhayi inani eliyinhloko elingaguquki, yisona sibalo esilawulayo.

Imizila Yokukhishwa Kwemali

• Imali yeselula: Isivinini esicishe sibe ngokushesha, ukulandeleka okuqinile (ireferensi ngetransekshini ngayinye). Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile: ezezimali ezincane, ukubolekisa emaphandleni nasezindaweni ezikude.
• Ukudluliswa kwebhange: Ngosuku olufanayo kuya ezinsukwini ezimbili, ukulandeleka okuqinile. Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile: imalimboleko emikhulu, ukubolekisa amabhizinisi.
• Ngqo kumhlinzeki: Isivinini siyahlukahluka, ukulandeleka okuqinile. Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile: ezezimali zempahla, izimali zesikole, izinsiza zokulima.
• Isheke: Izinsuku zokucaciswa, ukulandeleka okuphakathi. Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile: izinqubo zesikhungo ezindala.
• Ukheshi: Ngokushesha, ukulandeleka okubuthakathaka. Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile: kuyehla; ubungozi obukhulu bokukhwabanisa nokulawula.

Ukukhishwa kwemali ngokheshi kuhlukile. Kushiya umkhondo wokuhlola obuthakathaka kakhulu, kubeka abasebenzi engcupheni yokulimala, futhi kudala izimo zokukhwabanisa kwangaphakathi okuvame kakhulu. Lapho kungenakususwa khona, ukugcinwa kwemali ngabantu ababili, ukubhaliswa kwamaresidi ngokulandelana kanye nokuqinisekisa okuzimele nomboleki kuba izilawuli ezibalulekile zokunxephezela.

Izilawuli kanye Nobungozi Bokukhwabanisa

Ukukhishwa kwemali yilapho imali isuka khona ngokoqobo esikhungweni, okuyenza ibe yisisulu senani eliphakeme kakhulu kukho kokubili ukukhwabanisa kwangaphakathi nangaphandle.

Ukwehlukaniswa komenzi nomhloli. Umuntu oqala ukukhishwa kwemali akufanele abe ngumuntu okugunyazayo. Lesi yisona silawuli esisodwa esibaluleke kakhulu kulolu hlelo.

Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-akhawunti yomzuzi. I-akhawunti eyamukelayo noma inombolo yeselula kufanele iqinisekiswe ngokuqhathaniswa nerekhodi lobunikazi bomboleki. Ukushintshwa kwe-akhawunti — lapho imalimboleko esemthethweni ikhishwa iye ku-akhawunti elawulwa ngabasebenzi noma umuntu wesithathu — kuncike ekutheni lokhu kuhlola kungekho noma kwenziwa ngokunganaki.

Ababoleki abayizipoki. Imalimboleko eyenziwe ngobunikazi obungamanga noma obungavunywanga, ikhishwe kuma-akhawunti alawulwayo. Itholwa ngokuxhumana okuzimele nomboleki, ukuqinisekiswa kwebhayometriki noma komazisi ekuqaleni, kanye nokuhlaziywa kokuqoqana kwemalimboleko ngokwesikhulu semalimboleko.

Ukukhishwa kwemali okuhlukanisiwe. Ukwehlukanisa imalimboleko eyodwa ibe amanani amancane ukuze ihlale ingaphansi komkhawulo wokugunyaza. Kutholakala ngokuqapha ukukhishwa kwemali okuningi okuya kumamukeli ofanayo ngesikhathi esifushane.

Isikhathi sokulawula sibalulekile. Ukutholwa ngemva kokukhishwa kwemali kubuyisa okuncane. Uma izimali sezifikile esikhwameni seselula futhi sezikhishiwe, ukubuyisa okungokoqobo kucishe kube ngu-zero. Izilawuli zokuvimbela esinyathelweni sokugunyaza yizona ezithwele cishe wonke umthwalo.

Kungani Usuku Lokukhishwa Kwemali Lubalulekile

Usuku lokukhishwa kwemali luyisisekelo sezibalo eziningi ezilandelayo zemalimboleko:

• Ukuqongelelwa kwenzalo ngokuvamile kuqala ngalolu suku, hhayi ngosuku lokugunyazwa.
• Usuku lokuvuthwa libalwa kusukela kulo.
• Uhlelo lokukhokha kanye nosuku lokuqala lokukhokha kuvela kulo.
• Ubudala bephothifoliyo nezikweletu ezingakhokhiwe kukalwa ngokuhambisana nohlelo olukhiqizayo.
• Ukuhlaziywa kwe-cohort kanye namajika e-vintage kuhlukanisa amalimboleko ngenyanga yokukhishwa kwemali.

Usuku lokukhishwa kwemali olungalungile lusabalalisa amaphutha ekubalweni kwenzalo, ohlelweni lokukhokha, ekuhlukaniseni izikweletu ezingakhokhiwe kanye nasekubekelweni kwemali eceleni — okuyisizathu sokuthi kufanele lusethwe yisistimu kusuka kutransekshini eqinisekisiwe kunokuba lufakwe ngesandla.

Izinkomba Zokukhishwa Kwemali

Umthamo wokukhishwa kwemali. Inani eliphelele elikhishwe esikhathini esithile. Isilinganiso esiyinhloko sokukhula, futhi yisona esivame ukufunwa ngokudela ikhwalithi.

Inani lamalimboleko akhishiwe. Umthamo uma uhlukaniswa ngaleli nani unikeza isilinganiso esimaphakathi semalimboleko, esiwusizo ekulandeleleni ukuchezuka komkhiqizo.

Isikhathi sokuphenduka. Isikhathi esithathwayo kusukela ekufakeni isicelo kuya ekukhishweni kwemali. Isilinganiso esiqondene nomboleki sokusebenza kahle kwemisebenzi, futhi ngokuvamile yisona sici esinqumayo ezimakethe ezinokuncintisana.

Ukuguqulwa kusuka ekugunyazweni kuya ekukhishweni kwemali. Ingxenye yamalimboleko agunyaziwe akhishwa ngempela. Ukuvuza okuqhubekayo lapha ngokuvamile kukhomba izimfuneko zangaphambili ezingenakwenzeka, isinyathelo esinensa samadokhumenti, noma ababoleki abathatha isithembiso esisheshayo kwenye indawo.

Izinga lokwehluleka kokukhishwa kwemali. Amatransekshini anqatshiwe noma abuyiselwe yisiteshi. Amazinga aphezulu ngokuvamile abangelwa imininingwane yomamukeli engaqinisekisiwe ethathwe ngesikhathi sokufaka isicelo.

Imibono Eyiphutha Ejwayelekile

"Ukugunyazwa nokukhishwa kwemali kuyisenzakalo esisodwa." Kungamaphuzu okulawula ahlukene, kwesinye isikhathi ahlukaniswa izinsuku. Imalimboleko egunyaziwe kodwa engakhishiwe iyizibophezelo, hhayi iphothifoliyo, futhi akufanele ibalwe kumabhalansi asele.

"Umboleki uthole inani lemalimboleko." Lapho izimali zibanjwa emthonjeni, bathola inani elisele. Ukudalulwa, ukubalwa kwezinga elisebenzayo nanoma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwekhono lokukhokha kufanele kubonise lokho.

"Impendulo yesiteshi ephumelele kusho ukuthi imalimboleko ibhukiwe." Ukuphumelela kwenkokhelo nokuqoshwa kwayo kuleja kuyizenzakalo ezimbili ezihlukene. Kuphela ukuvumelanisa okuqinisekisa ukuthi zombili zenzekile.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ingabe ukukhishwa kwemali kungahlehliswa? Kuphela ewindini lokuhlehlisa lesiteshi futhi ngokuvamile kuphela ngenxa yokuhluleka kobuchwepheshe. Uma izimali sezitholwe futhi zakhishwa ngumamukeli, ukuhlehlisa ngokuvamile kudinga ukubambisana kwakhe noma isinyathelo somthetho.