Intlawulo Engaphezulu

Intlawulo engaphezulu yiyo nayiphi na intlawulo eyenziweyo ngaphezulu kwesixa-mali esifunekayo ngokwekhontrakthi. Ekubolekiseni imali eli gama linentsingiselo ezimbini ezahlukileyo, kwaye ziphathwa ngeendlela ezahluke kakhulu:

1. Ukuhlawula imali-mboleko ngaphezulu — ukuhlawula ngabom ngaphezulu kunesavengeko esicwangcisiweyo, okanye ukwenza intlawulo eyongezelelweyo epheleleyo ngexesha elinye, ukuze ucinye ityala ngokukhawuleza kwaye uhlawule inzala encinci.
2. Intlawulo egqithisileyo efunyenweyo — imali ehlawulwe ngempazamo okanye ngaphaya kwetyala elisalelweyo, nto leyo edala intsalela yemali ekufuneka umbolekisi ayichonge, ayigcine kwaye ayibuyise.

Eyokuqala sisicwangciso somboleki. Eyesibini luxanduva lokusebenza. Zombini zicazululwa ngezantsi.

Ukuhlawula imali-mboleko ngaphezulu

Intlawulo engaphezulu inciphisa imali eyintloko eseleyo ngaphambi kwexesha elicwangcisiweyo. Ngenxa yokuba inzala ibalwa kwintsalela eseleyo, intsalela encinci ivelisa inzala encinci kwilixa ngalinye eliseleyo — ngoko ke ukonga kuyakhula ngenxa yokudityaniswa kwenzala kulo lonke ixesha eliseleyo.

Iindlela ezimbini zokusetyenziswa kwentlawulo engaphezulu

Olu lolona khetho lunemiphumo emikhulu nolungachazwanga kangako kuyo yonke imveliso.

• Ukunciphisa ixesha - Okuhlala kungatshintshi: Isavengeko

  • Okutshintshayo: Imali-mboleko iphela kwangethuba
  • Ilungele kakhulu: Ukonga inzala okuphezulu

• Ukunciphisa isavengeko - Okuhlala kungatshintshi: Umhla wokuphela

  • Okutshintshayo: Iintlawulo ezizayo ziyancipha
  • Ilungele kakhulu: Ukuphucula ukuhamba kwemali ngenyanga

Zombini zivumelekile; zifezekisa izinto ezahlukeneyo. Ukunciphisa ixesha kukonga inzala enkulu ngakumbi, kuba intsalela icinywa kwangethuba. Ukunciphisa isavengeko kukhulula imali ngenyanga kodwa kugcina ityala lingekahlawulwa kulo lonke ixesha lokuqala.

Ababolekisi abasoloko besebenzisa indlela efanayo ngokuzenzekelayo, kwaye abanye basebenzisa ukunciphisa isavengeko ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphandle kokuba bayalelwe ngenye indlela. Umboleki ohlawula ngaphezulu ngenjongo yokugqiba kwangethuba, aze umbolekisi wakhe athobe isavengeko ngokuthula endaweni yoko, ufumana iqhezu nje lesibonelelo ebesilindelekile. Umyalelo kufuneka unikwe ngokucacileyo kwaye uqinisekiswe ngokubhaliweyo.

Izibalo

Umzekelo. $20,000 ebolekwe nge 18% ngonyaka kwibhalansi enciphayo kwisithuba seenyanga ezingama-36.

Monthly rate = 1.5%
Instalment   = $723.05
Total paid   = $26,030
Interest     = $6,030

Ukongeza i-$100 ngenyanga — isavenge se-$823.05:

Term falls to  ≈ 30.5 months (from 36)
Total paid     ≈ $25,070
Interest       ≈ $5,070
Interest saved ≈ $960

I-$100 eyongezelelweyo ngenyanga — malunga ne-14% ngaphezulu — igqiba imali-mboleko ngeenyanga ezintlanu ezinesiqingatha kwangoko kwaye yonga malunga ne-16% yenzala iyonke.

Ixesha lilawula

Isixa esipheleleyo esihlawulwe kwinyanga yesi-3 sisusa inqununu eyayinokuthi ngenye indlela ifumane inzala okwezinye iinyanga ezingama-33; esi sixa sinye sihlawulwe kwinyanga yama-30 sisusa inqununu ebisalele iinyanga ezi-6 kuphela.

Umgaqo osebenzayo: kokukhona intlawulo egqithisileyo isenziwa kwangoko, kokukhona ukonga kuba kukhulu — nto leyo echasene nomkhwa wokulinda de imali-mboleko iphantse igqityiwe phambi kokuba ihlawulwe.

Indlela yenzala iyagqiba ukuba ukuhlawula ngaphezulu kuyanceda na kwaphela.

Kulapho ababoleki badla ngokubanjwa khona kakhulu, kwaye oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwiimarike apho amaxabiso athe tyaba axhaphakileyo.

Ibhalansi eyehlayo. Inzala ibalwa kwibhalansi eseleyo kwisithuba ngasinye. Intlawulo egqithisileyo ngokwenene iyayinciphisa inzala yekamva. Izibalo ezingentla ziyasebenza.

Ireyithi ethe tyaba. Inzala ibalwa kwinqununu yokuqala kangangexesha elipheleleyo kwaye imiselwe kwasekuqaleni. Ukuhlawula kwangoko akunciphisi ngokuzenzekelayo — inzala ekuvunyelwene ngayo sele imiselwe. Ukuba ingaba umboleki uyazuza kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwi-mbuyekezo yombolekisi yenzala engafunyanwanga:

• Indlela ye-aktuari — imbuyekezo ibonisa inzala yokwenene engekagqitywa; umboleki ufumana phantse inzuzo yezoqoqosho.
• Umgaqo wama-78 — inzala yabelwa ngokungalinganiyo kwiinyanga zokuqala, ngoko ke ukugqitywa kwetyala phakathi kwixesha kubuyisa imali emincinci kakhulu kunokuba bekulindelwe. Oku kuthintelwe okanye kuvaliwe kwinani elandayo leendawo zolawulo.
• Akukho mbuyekezo — inzala epheleleyo ekuvunyelwene ngayo ihlala ihlawuleka nokuba kunjani.

Phambi kokuba uhlawule ngaphezulu, umbuzo omawubuzwe kumbolekisi awunguwo "ndingahlawula ngaphezulu na" kodwa "inzala yam ibalwa njani, kwaye yiyiphi imbuyekezo esebenzayo?" Kwimali-mboleko enereyithi ethe tyaba engena mbuyekezo, ukuhlawula ngaphezulu kuthumela imali kumbolekisi ngaphandle kokunciphisa iindleko.

Apho intlawulo egqithisileyo iya khona ngokwenene

Izivumelwano ezininzi zemali-mboleko zisebenzisa iintlawulo ngolandelelwano olumiselweyo — i-waterfall yeentlawulo — ngokuqhelekileyo:

1. Fees and charges
2. Penalty interest / arrears
3. Accrued interest
4. Principal

Intlawulo egqithisileyo ifinyeza imali-mboleko kuphela xa ifikelela kwi-nqununu. Kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokuyinqanda:

• Iintsalela ziyayifunxa kuqala. Ukuba i-akhawunti isemva, imali eyongezelelweyo isusa iintsalela endaweni yokunciphisa inqununu.
• Ihlala kwi-suspense. Ezinye iisistim zigcina izixa-mali ezingabelwanga njengekhredithi ngokuchasene nesavenge esilandelayo endaweni yokuzisebenzisa kwinqununu — ngoko umboleki akahlawuli nto ngenyanga ezayo kwaye akongi nzala.
• Ithathwa njengesavenge elihlawulwe kwangaphambili. Ngokomsebenzi kuyingxaki efanayo: ixesha alifinyezwa.

Ababoleki kufuneka babhale ukuba intlawulo kukuncitshiswa kwenqununu kwaye emva koko baqinisekise ukuba ibhalansi yenqununu itshintshile ngesixa esihlawulweyo.

Izohlwayo zokuhlawula kwangaphambili

Ezinye iimvumelwano zihlawulisa ngokuhlawula kwangethuba. Isizathu sombolekisi siyinyani: uqikelelo lwexabiso lwalucinga inzala ngexesha elithile, iindleko zokuqalisa zasasazwa ngalo lonke elo xesha, kwaye inkxaso-mali inokuba yayitshatiswe nalo. Ukuhlawula kwangethuba kususa ingeniso ebilindelwe.

Iindlela eziqhelekileyo:

• Ipesenti yesixa esihlawulwe kwangaphambili
• Inani elimiselweyo leenyanga zenzala kwisixa esihlawulwe kwangaphambili
• Isikali esishukumayo esincipha ngokuhamba kwexesha lemboleko
• Isibonelelo sonyaka esivunyelweyo sokuhlawula ngaphezulu — esidla ngokuba malunga ne-10% yebhalansi — esineentlawulo kuphela ngaphezulu kwaso

Iindawo ezininzi zomthetho ziwamisela umda okanye zithintela iintlawulo zokuvalwa kwangethuba kwityala labathengi, okanye zifuna ukubuyiselwa kwenzala engafunyenwanga. Imiqathango iyahluka, kwaye isohlwayo kufuneka sihlolwe ngokuthelekiswa nenzala eyongiweyo phambi kokuhlawula ngaphezulu.

Iintlawulo ezigqithileyo kunye neebhalansi zekhredithi

Intsingiselo yesibini yokuhlawula ngaphezulu yintlawulo egqitha kwisixa esityalwayo — ukudluliselwa okuphindwe kabini, intlawulo eyenziwe emva kokuba imboleko igqityiwe, inani elifakwe ngokungachanekanga, okanye intlawulo yokugqibela ehlawulwe ngaphandle kokutsalwa kwesaphulelo senzala.

Intlawulo egqithileyo ayiyongeniso yombolekisi. Ukuphathwa okuqhelekileyo:

• Chonga uze ugcine. Isixa sifakwa kwi-akhawunti ye-suspense okanye unapplied-cash iakhawunti endaweni yokuba yamkelwe njengengeniso.
• Yazisa umhlawuli kwaye uqinisekise ukuba kufuneka ibuyiselwe na okanye isetyenziswe kwenye indawo.
• Buyisela imali ngokukhawuleza kumthombo wangaphambili wentlawulo apho kungekho myalelo wumbi unikiweyo.
• Thelekisa rhoqo. Ibhalansi ekhulayo ye-unapplied-cash idla ngokubonisa ingxaki yokuthelekisa okanye yereferensi kwinkqubo yokuqokelela, hayi inzuzo eyinyani.
• Landela imigaqo yeemali ezingabangwanga. Apho umhlawuli engenakufumaneka, uninzi lweendawo zomthetho luchaza amaxesha okugcina kunye nokuphathwa ekugqibeleni kwiibhalansi zekhredithi ezingasebenziyo.

Kubabolekisi, iirisithi ezingabelwanga ezithe gqolo zibubuthathaka bolawulo: zichaza ngendlela engeyiyo iibhalansi zeakhawunti yomntu ngamnye, zigqwetha ingxelo yamatyala, kwaye zinokufihla iintlawulo ezingasetyenziswanga kakuhle.

Ngaba umboleki kufuneka ahlawule ngaphezulu?

Oku kuyinkcazo ngokubanzi, akululo icebiso lezemali, kwaye iimeko zomntu ngamnye ziyahluka.

Uthelekiso luphakathi kwe zinga letyala kunye nembuyekezo kusetyenziso olulolunye lwemali. Ukuhlawula ngaphezulu imali-mboleko kuvelisa imbuyekezo eqinisekisiweyo nengenamngcipheko elingana nezinga lenzala eligwenyiweyo. Elo linqanaba eliphezulu ekunzima ukuba uninzi lwezinye iindlela liligqithe, ngakumbi kwityala elibizayo elingenasibambiso.

Imigaqo-siseko eqhelekileyo yokulandelelanisa: gcina uvimba wemali ofikelelekayo phambi kokuba uvalele imali ekunciphiseni ityala, kuba intlawulo engaphezulu ngokuqhelekileyo ayinakuphinda itsalwe; qala ngokucima elona tyala linenzala ephezulu; kwaye jonga indlela yenzala kunye nayo nayiphi na intlawulo yokuhlawula kwangaphambili phambi kokuba uzibophelele, kuba kwimali-mboleko yezinga elisicaba ngaphandle kwesaphulelo imbuyekezo inokuba ngu-zero.

Intlawulo kwangaphambili ngokwembono yombolekisi

Intlawulo engaphezulu yingozi yokuhlawula kwangaphambili kwipotfoliyo. Ifinyeza ubomi obusebenzayo bee-asethi, inciphisa ingeniso yenzala xa kuthelekiswa noqikelelo, kwaye — apho uxhaso-mali luhambelana nexesha — idala ukungahambelani phakathi kwee-asethi namatyala.

Ababolekisi bayilawula ngokwenza imodeli yezantya zokuhlawula kwangaphambili, ngokubeka iliso kwindlela ihambo yokuhlawula eyenzekayo ephambuka ngayo kwishedyuli yesivumelwano, nangokumisela amaxabiso okanye ukucwangcisa ngokufanelekileyo kuyo. Into abangafanele bayenze kukuyila imithetho yolwabiwo ethintela ngokuthe cwaka intlawulo engaphezulu, nto leyo engumba wokuziphatha kunokuba ibe lulawulo lomngcipheko.