Umshwalense wempilo yesikweletu

Umshuwalense wempilo wekhredithi uyipholisi elikhokha ibhalansi yemalimboleko esele yomboleki uma umboleki eshona phakathi nesikhathi semalimboleko. Amapholisi amaningi aphinde akhava ukukhubazeka okunomphela, futhi amaningi aqhubekela ekukhubazekeni kwesikhashana, ukugula okubucayi noma ukudilizwa emsebenzini ngaphandle kwentando.

Ukuvikela kuwumshuwalense wesikhathi onciphayo: isamba eliqinisekisiwe lilandela ibhalansi yemalimboleko esele, lincipha njengoba imalimboleko ikhokhwa. Uma imalimboleko isikhokhiwe, ukuvikela kuyaphela.

Isici esihlukanisayo — kanye nomthombo wempikiswano eningi ngalo mkhiqizo — ukuthi umbolekisi ungumhlomuli. Isimangalo sikhokhela umbolekisi ngqo hhayi ifa lomboleki. Umboleki ukhokha iprimiyamu; umbolekisi uthola imali ekhokhiwe.

Amagama ahlobene ahlanganisa umshuwalense wokuvikela ikhredithi, umshuwalense wokuvikela imalimboleko, umshuwalense wombolekisi, ukuvikelwa kwemalimboleko yendlu futhi, e-United Kingdom, umshuwalense wokuvikela izinkokhelo (PPI).

Lokho okukhavayo

• Ukufa: Umboleki ushona phakathi nesikhathi. Umphumela ojwayelekile: Ibhalansi esele ikhokhwa ngokuphelele.
• Ukukhubazeka okuphelele okunomphela: Umboleki akakwazi ukusebenza unomphela. Umphumela ojwayelekile: Ibhalansi esele ikhokhwa ngokuphelele.
• Ukukhubazeka kwesikhashana: Umboleki akakwazi ukusebenza isikhathi esithile. Umphumela ojwayelekile: Izitolimende zikhokhwa inani elilinganiselwe lezinyanga.
• Ukugula okubucayi: Ukuxilongwa kwesimo esisohlwini. Umphumela ovamile: Ukukhokhelwa okuphelele noma okuyingxenye kwesikweletu, kuye ngepolisisi.
• Ukudilizwa / ukungasebenzi okungahlosiwe: Ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi okungadalwanga ukusula noma ukuxoshwa. Umphumela ovamile: Izitolimende zikhokhwa isikhathi esinqunyelwe.

Isembozo sokufa siwumgogodla; okunye kuyizengezo ezihluka kakhulu ngokobubanzi, okungafakwa kanye nentengo.

Indlela eyakhiwe ngayo

Ipolisisi yomuntu ngamunye. Obolekayo uphethe ipolisisi ebhalwe egameni lakhe, enikezelwa kumbolekisi isikhathi sonke semalimboleko.

Uhlelo lweqembu. Umbolekisi uphethe ipolisisi enkulu futhi ubabhalisa ababoleki njengamalungu. Lesi yisakhiwo esigqamile ekubolekiseni kwezimali ezincane, kuma-SACCO nakubantu abaholayo, ngoba ukuphathwa kulula futhi ukuhlolwa kobungozi ngokuvamile kuzenzakalela — ngokuvamile ngaphandle kwemibuzo yezokwelashwa ngaphansi kwenani elishiwo eliqinisekisiwe.

Izinhlelo zamaqembu zenza isembozo sifinyeleleke kubaboleki abangathola kanzima isembozo sempilo yomuntu ngamunye. Ziphinde zigxilise ukungqubuzana kwezintshisekelo, ngoba umbolekisi ukhetha umshwalense, uxoxisana ngekhomishini, futhi uphatha isimangalo egameni lomuntu onomshwalense.

Indlela amaprimiyamu akhokhiswa ngayo — nokuthi abiza malini ngempela

Kunezinhlaka ezimbili ezivamile, futhi umehluko ubalulekile.

Iprimiyamu yanyanga zonke ebhalanisini elisele. Iprimiyamu yehla njengoba imalimboleko incipha, kuhambisane nesembozo esinciphayo. Kusobala, futhi kushibhile kunakho kokubili.

Iprimiyamu eyodwa efakwa emalimbolekweni. Iprimiyamu yonke ibalwa kusengaphambili, yengezwe enanini eliyinhloko, bese ikhokhwa nenzalo phakathi nesikhathi. Yilapho izindleko zikhuphuka buthule khona.

Isibonelo esibaliwe. Imalimboleko engu-$10,000 ezinyangeni ezingama-24 ngenzalo ye-18% ngonyaka, neprimiyamu eyodwa engu-3% yenani lemalimboleko.

Premium = $300, added to principal → $10,300 financed

Instalment on $10,000  = $499.24
Instalment on $10,300  = $514.22
Extra paid over term   = 14.98 × 24 = $359.52

Obolekayo ukhokha $359.52 ukuze athole isembozo sika-$300 — iprimiyamu kanye nenzalo engu-$59.52 phezu kwayo, cishe u-20% ngaphezu kwentengo ebhaliwe. Iprimiyamu ayisona nje izindleko; iyindleko exhaswe ngemalimboleko.

Umkhuba wesithathu okufanele uqaphele: ukukhokhisa iprimiyamu ebalwe ngenani lokuqala lemalimboleko isikhathi sonke, kuyilapho isembozo ngokwaso sehla nebhalansi. Obolekayo ukhokhela isamba esiqinisekisiwe esingaguquki bese ethola esinciphayo.

Umbuzo ngenani

Umshwalense wempilo yesikweletu udonse ukunakwa okuqhubekayo kwabalawuli ezimakethe eziningi, ngenxa yezizathu ezihambisanayo:

• Izilinganiso zezimangalo eziphansi. Ukubuyekezwa ngabalawuli ezindaweni eziningana kuthole ukuthi ingxenye yamaprimiyamu akhokhwa njengezimangalo emikhiqizweni ye-credit life ingaphansi kakhulu kwalokho okubhekwa njengokunengqondo kweminye imikhakha yomshwalense — kwezinye izimo ngomehluko omkhulu. Isilinganiso sezimangalo esiphansi sisho ukuthi ingxenye enkulu yeprimiyamu iya ezindlekweni, kukhomishini nasenzuzweni kunokuba iye ekumbozweni.
• Ikhomishini ephezulu. Ikhomishini ekhokhelwa umbolekisi ngokusabalalisa ipholisi ingaba yingxenye enkulu yeprimiyamu, okudala ugqozi lokuthengisa ukumbozwa okubiza kakhulu kunokuba kuthengiswe okufanele kakhulu.
• Akukho ukuqhathanisa izinketho. Umboleki ngokuvamile akakwazi ukuqhathanisa amapholisi. Ukumbozwa kwethulwa njengengxenye yemalimboleko, ngokuvamile njengombandela wayo.
• Inzuzo engahambisani kahle. Umuntu okhokhayo akayena umuntu ovikelwe, okungenani hhayi ngqo.
• Ukuthengisa okuhlanganisiwe nokuboshelwe ndawonye. Isibonelo esicashunwe kakhulu yisigameko somshwalense wokuvikela izinkokhelo wase-UK, lapho amapholisi athengiswa kabanzi kubaboleki ababengenalo ilungelo lokufaka izimangalo ngawo, okwaholela kolunye lwezinhlelo ezinkulu zokulungisa abathengi ezake zaqoshwa.

Akukho kwalokhu okusho ukuthi umkhiqizo awunalo inani — bheka ngezansi. Kusho ukuthi umkhiqizo udinga ukudalulwa kwemininingwane, ukulawulwa kwentengo kanye nokusebenza kwezimangalo ukuze kube nenani elilingana nalokho ababoleki abakukhokhelayo.

Lapho umshwalense we-credit life usiza ngempela

• Kuvimbela isikweletu esidluliselwa njengefa. Ngaphandle kokumbozwa, imalimboleko esele iyisimangalo esibhekiswe efeni lomboleki ongasekho, okunciphisa lokho okudlulela emndenini wakhe.
• Kuvikela abaqinisekisi namalungu eqembu. Ekubolekeni kweqembu, ukufa okungenawo umshwalense kudlulisela ibhalansi kubaqinisekisi abahlanganyele — omakhelwane nezihlobo manje abakweleta imali yemalimboleko yomunye umuntu. Umshwalense we-credit life ususa lowo mphumela ngokuphelele, okuyisona sizathu esenza ukuthi ucishe ube yindinganiso ezindleleni zeqembu.
• Kwandisa ukufinyelela. Ababolekisi banganweba isikweletu kubaboleki asebekhulile, noma kulabo abangenaso isibambiso, lapho ubungozi bokufa bunomshwalense kunokuba bumunywe.
• Kuzinzisa iphothifoliyo. Ukulahlekelwa okubangelwa ukufa nokukhubazeka kuba yiprimiyamu enokubikezelwa kunokuba kube ukucinywa kwesikweletu okungajwayelekile.

Izimbuyiselo zokukhokha kusenesikhathi

Uma imalimboleko ikhokhwa kusenesikhathi — ngokukhokha ngokweqile, ngokuthengiswa kwempahla exhaswe ngemali, noma i-top-up — isikhathi sokumbozwa siyafinyela. Ingxenye engakasebenzi yeprimiyamu eyodwa kufanele ibuyiselwe..

Lena yindawo ehluleka njalo, futhi iba yimbi kakhulu ngama-top-up. Lapho umboleki engeza i-top-up minyaka yonke futhi kukhokhiswa iprimiyamu eyodwa entsha kumalimboleko ngayinye entsha ephelele ngenkathi iprimiyamu engakasebenzi yemalimboleko ekhokhiwe ingakaze ibuyiselwe, umboleki ukhokha kaninginingi ngokumbozwa okugqagqene. Emijikelezweni eminingana ukukhokhiswa ngokweqile okuhlanganayo kungaba kukhulu.

Amaphuzu asebenzayo:

• Indlela yokubuyiselwa imali kufanele idalulwe ekuqaleni, ngomqondo ofanayo we-actuarial njengesaphulelo senzalo
• Ukubuyiselwa kwemali kufanele kube okuzenzakalelayo lapho isikweletu sivalwa, hhayi uma kucelwa
• Uma kwengezwa imali, iprimiyamu engakasebenziswanga yemalimboleko esivaliwe kufanele isuse iprimiyamu entsha.

Izimangalo: okukhishwa ngaphandle kanye nenqubo

Okukhishwa ngaphandle okuvamile kanye nemikhawulo:

• Izikhathi zokulinda ngaphambi kokuba ukuvikelwa kuqale ukusebenza
• Ukungafakwa kwezimo ezazikhona ngaphambilini, ngokuvamile esikhathini sokuqala esinqunyiwe
• Imigomo yokuzibulala ekhipha ngaphandle izimangalo esikhathini esinqunyiwe kusukela ekuqaleni
• Iminyaka ephezulu yokungena kanye neyokuphela kokuvikelwa, okuvame ukukhipha ababoleki asebekhulile ekuvikelweni abakhokhiselwe kona
• Okungafakwa ekuncishisweni kwabasebenzi ngokwesula, ukuxoshwa ngesizathu, noma ukuphela kwenkontileka yesikhathi esinqunyiwe
• Imikhawulo yesamba esiphezulu esiqinisekisiwe, ngaphezu kwayo okweqile akunavikelo.

Isimangalo ngokuvamile sidinga ubufakazi besigameko, isitatimende semalimboleko, imibhalo yomboleki kanye — uma kungukukhubazeka — nesitifiketi sezempilo. Kunezinkinga ezimbili zesakhiwo eziphindelelayo: isimangalo ngokuvamile sifakwa umbolekisi esikhundleni somndeni, ngakho umndeni ongazi ukuthi ukuvikelwa kukhona ungase ungalokothi ufake isimangalo; futhi imikhawulo yesikhathi ingaphelelwa yisikhathi ngesikhathi sokuphathwa kwefa.

Into eyodwa ewusizo kakhulu umndeni womboleki ongayenza ukubuza ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini ipholisi yomshwalense wezikweletu, ngoba ngokuvamile abatshelwa nakancane.

Okucatshangelwa ababolekisi

• Khetha inkampani yomshwalense ngokusingathwa kwezimangalo, hhayi ngekhomishini. Ipholisisi elishibhile ukusatshalaliswa elenqaba izimangalo lilimaza ubudlelwano nomboleki kanye nedumela lombolekisi.
• Yembula iprimiyamu ngokwehlukile enzalweni nasezinkokhelweni, futhi uyifake esambeni esiphelele sezindleko zesikweletu.
• Landelela futhi ukhokhe izimbuyiselo zeprimiyamu engakasebenziswanga njengesikweletu, ikakhulukazi phakathi nemijikelezo yokwengeza imali.
• Tshela abazuzi ukuthi ukuvikelwa kukhona. Ukufaka izimangalo ngokushesha lapho kwaziswa ngokushona kuyinto efanele futhi kungcono kakhulu ekutholeni imali kunokufuna ifa.
• Hlola iminyaka kanye nokufaneleka ngesikhathi sokubhalisa, ukuze kungabi khona umboleki okhokhiswa ukuvikelwa angeke akwazi ukufaka isimangalo ngaphansi kwako.
• Vumela ukushintshwa lapho umthetho udinga khona — obolekayo onomshwalense wokuphila owenele osevele ukhona kufanele akwazi ukuwunikela kunokuba athenge ipholisi entsha.