Imali-mboleko yebhulorho

Imali-mboleko yebhulorho yimali yexeshana elifutshane esetyenziselwa ukuvala isikhewu senkxaso-mali de kube isiganeko esichaziweyo sexesha elizayo sikhulula imali yokuyibuyisela. Ikhuselwe nge-asethi, inexabiso elingaphezulu kunokubolekwa kwexesha elide okuqhelekileyo, kwaye ilungiselelwa ngokukhawuleza — ngokuqhelekileyo iiveki okanye iinyanga kunokuba iminyaka. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yinkxaso-mali yebhulorho, imali-mboleko yebhulorho, okanye inkxaso-mali yethutyana.

Uphawu oluphambili alukho kubude bexesha okanye izinga lenzala. Kukuba ukubuyiswa kuxhomekeke kwisiganeko esithile esichongiweyo kunokuba kumvuzo oqhubekayo. Olu phawu lunye lumisela indlela iimali-mboleko zebhulorho ezivavanywa, ezixatyiswa kwaye ezilahlekwa ngayo.

Iimpawu eziphambili

• Ubude bexesha: Iiveki ukuya kwiinyanga ezingama-24; ngokuqhelekileyo ziinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-12
• Isibambiso: Phantse rhoqo ikhuselwe, ngokuqhelekileyo ngepropati okanye enye i-asethi enokuthengiseka
• Ukuqotywa kwenzala: Icatshulwa njengezinga lenyanga endaweni yezinga lonyaka
• Ukubuyiswa ngexesha lokuboleka: Ngokuqhelekileyo akukho ntlawulo zenyanga; inzala iyagcinwa okanye iyongezwa
• Ukubuyiswa kwemali eyintloko: Ngesambuku esinye ekupheleni, kwisiganeko sokuphuma
• Isantya sokulungiselela: Iintsuku ukuya kwiiveki, ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kunokubolekwa kwexesha elide
• Iindleko: Ngaphezulu ngokubonakalayo kunemali-mboleko yexesha elide ethelekisekayo
• Ingqwalasela yovavanyo: Ukuphuma, hayi ingeniso yomboleki

Indlela imali-mboleko yebhulorho esebenza ngayo

Umboleki ufuna imali ngoku, kwaye uyazi ngokuzithemba okwaneleyo ukuba isixa esikhulu sifika kamva. Imali-mboleko yebhulorho iyalivala elo thuba.

Eyona meko iqhelekileyo ngumxokelelwano weepropati. Umthengi ufumene ipropati kwaye kufuneka agqibezele ngaphambi kokuba ipropati yakhe ekhoyo ithengisiwe. Imali-mboleko yebhulorho ekhuselwe ngepropati enye okanye zombini ihlawulela ukuthenga; xa ipropati ekhoyo ithengisiwe, imali yokuthengisa ibuyisela imali-mboleko yebhulorho ngokupheleleyo. Umboleki uhlawulela isantya nokuqiniseka, kwaye uyayamkela indleko ephezulu ixeshana elifutshane kuba enye indlela kukuphulukana nokuthenga.

Ukusetyenziswa kwezoshishino kulandela ingqiqo efanayo. Inkampani elinde umjikelo wenkxaso-mali oqinisekisiweyo, intlawulo ye-inshurensi, imbuyekezo yerhafu, ukugqitywa kokuthengiswa kwe-asethi, okanye ukukhululwa kwesibonelelo sexesha elide inokuvala isikhewu ukuze imisebenzi okanye intengiselwano iqhubeke ngeshedyuli.

Uqoqosho lunengqiqo kuphela ngexesha elifutshane. Ireyithi enokunyamezeleka kwiinyanga ezintathu iba sisohlwayo kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinesibhozo, yiyo loo nto ukubolekwa kwebhulorho kohlwaya ukulibaziseka kakhulu ngakumbi kunokuba ukubolekwa kwexesha elide kukwenza.

Isicwangciso sokuphuma

Indlela yokuphuma yisiganeko esibangela ukubuyiswa kwemali-mboleko. Yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwintengiselwano yebhulorho, kwaye yiyo into eyahlula ukuvavanywa kwebhulorho kuzo zonke ezinye iindlela.

Ukubolekwa okuqhelekileyo kubuza: ngaba lo mboleki angalihlawula eli tyala ngengeniso yakhe? Ukubolekwa kwebhulorho kubuza: ngaba esi siganeko sithile siza kwenzeka, ngeli xesha licetyiweyo, kwaye ngaba siza kuvelisa okwaneleyo ukucima ibhalansi?

Iindlela zokuphuma eziqhelekileyo:

• Ukuthengiswa kwepropathi eyisibambiso okanye enye i-asethi
• Ukuboleka ngokutsha kwisibonelelo sexesha elide xa umboleki okanye i-asethi ifanelekela oko.
• Ukufumana isixa esaziwayo — umjikelo wenkxaso-mali, ukusonjululwa kwetyala, ilifa, ukukhutshwa kwesibonelelo, intlawulo yekhontrakthi
• Ukugqitywa kwemisebenzi okwenza i-asethi ibe nokuthengiswa okanye ibe sisibambiso

Ukuphuma okuthembekileyo kuboniswa bubungqina, hayi ukutsho nje. Ababolekisi bafuna isivumelwano sokuthengisa esisayiniweyo, iphepha lemigaqo elisesikweni elivela kumbolekisi oboleka ngokutsha, umyalelo wenkundla, okanye uqikelelo lwexabiso oluxhasa ixabiso lokuthengisa elicingelwayo. Ukuphuma okuchazwa ngokuthi "siza kuyithengisa" ngaphandle kobungqina bentengiso kwaye ngaphandle koqikelelo lwexabiso akukokuphuma; kuyithemba nje.

Iilahleko ezininzi zebhulorho zibangelwa kukusilela kokuphuma kunokuba kukunganyaniseki komboleki. Intengiso iyawa, ukuboleka ngokutsha kuyaliwa, imisebenzi iyagqitha ixesha, isigqibo siyabhenwa. Ababolekisi abalumkileyo ke ngoko bavavanya ukuphuma kwesibini njengokuphuma kokuqala, kwaye ababoleki abalumkileyo kufuneka babenako.

Iimali-mboleko zebhulorho ezivaliweyo nezingavaliweyo

Ibhulorho evaliweyo. Ukuphuma kuqinisekisiwe ngokwekhontrakthi kwaye kunomhla — ngokuqhelekileyo sisivumelwano sokuthengisa esitshintshiweyo esinomhla omiselweyo wokugqitywa. Ngenxa yokuba umhla wokubuyisela usaziwa, iibhulorho ezivaliweyo zinexabiso eliphantsi kwaye kulula ukuzifumana.

Ibhulorho evulekileyo. Akukho mhla umiselweyo wokuphuma. Umboleki ulindele ukuthengisa okanye ukuboleka ngokutsha kodwa akanaso isibophelelo esibophelelayo. Ixabiso liphezulu, kuvavanywa ngokungqongqo ngakumbi, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kulinganiselwe kwi-LTV ephantsi kuba umbolekisi uthwala umngcipheko wexesha kunye nomngcipheko wetyala.

Umahluko yeyona nto iphambili eqhuba amaxabiso emva kwe-LTV.

Isibambiso sokuqala nesesibini

Ibhulorho yesibambiso sokuqala iphambi kwazo zonke ezinye izibambiso phezu kwe-asethi. Isibambiso sesibini sihlala emva kwe-mortgage ekhoyo okanye isibonelelo, kwaye sibuyiselwa kuphela emva kokuba umbolekisi okwindawo yokuqala anelisekile.

Ukubolekisa ngesibambiso sesibini kubiza imali ephezulu kakhulu, kuba isithinteli se-equity esifumanekayo kumbolekisi wesibini yiloo nto eseleyo emva kokuba isibambiso sokuqala sihlawulwe, kwaye sona sinyamalala kuqala xa imarike isihla. Isibambiso sesibini kwakhona ngokuqhelekileyo sifuna imvume yombolekisi okwinqanaba lokuqala.

Ulwakhiwo lweendleko

Iindleko zemali-mboleko yebhulorho zineengqimba, kwaye ukuthelekisa amazinga aphambili kuphela kuyalahlekisa.

Inzala. Ixelwa ngenyanga. Izinga lenyanga lidityaniswa libe sisixa sonyaka esikhulu kakhulu kunokuba ababoleki bahlala becinga, kwaye umsantsa uyakhula ukuba ixesha liyandiswa.

Intlawulo yokulungiselela okanye yefesilithi. Ihlawuliswa ekutsalweni kwemali, ngokuqhelekileyo njengepesenti yesixa semali-mboleko.

Intlawulo yokuphuma. Ihlawuliswa ekubuyiseleni ngabanye ababolekisi, ngamanye amaxesha njengepesenti yemali-mboleko kwaye ngamanye amaxesha njengepesenti yexabiso lepropathi.

Iintlawulo zokuqikelela ixabiso kunye nezomthetho. Zombini ezombolekisi nezomboleki kufuneka zihlawulwe nokuba imali-mboleko iyagqitywa okanye ayigqitywa.

Intlawulo yebhrokha, apho ibhrokha yayilungiselele khona ifesilithi.

Inzala yokusilela. Izinga eliphezulu kakhulu elisebenzayo ukuba imali-mboleko idlula ixesha layo. Ngenxa yokuba ukugqitha ixesha yeyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo ekubolekiseni ngebhulorho, eli gama lifanele ukufundwa ngenyameko.

Zintathu iindlela zokuphathwa kwenzala:

• Uhlawulo lwenyanga — ihlawulwa ngenyanga kwingeniso yomboleki ngokwakhe. Ifuna ingeniso enobungqina.
• Iqokelelwa — iqokelelwa ize ihlawulwe kunye netyala eliyintloko ekupheleni. Akukho nto iphumayo epokothweni yomboleki ngexesha lemboleko, kodwa ibhalansi iyakhula.
• Igciniwe — umbolekisi utsalela inzala yexesha elipheleleyo kwimali ebolekiweyo ekuqaleni. Umboleki ufumana imali encinci kunesixa esibhaliweyo, kwaye nayiphi na inxalenye engasetyenziswanga ibuyiswa ngokuqhelekileyo ekuhlawuleni kwangoko.

Inzala egciniweyo yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo, kwaye yiyo loo nto isixa esifunyenweyo esicocekileyo sihlala singaphantsi kwesixa semali-mboleko ekuvunyelwene ngaso.

Imali-mboleko yebhulorho xa ithelekiswa nolunye uncedo lwemali lwexesha elifutshane

• Imali-mboleko yebhulorho: Ihlawulwa ngesiganeko esithile esenzeka kanye. Ikhuselwe nge-asethi (ngokuqhelekileyo ipropati). Isetyenziselwa ukuvala isithuba sexesha phambi kwentengiso, ukuxhaswa ngemali kwakhona, okanye ukufumana imali.
• Imali-mboleko yexesha: Ihlawulwa kwingeniso eqhubekayo kangangeminyaka. Isibambiso siyahluka. Isetyenziselwa ukuxhasa ngemali i-asethi okanye ukwandisa ixesha elide.
• I-ovadrafti: Ihlawulwa ngeengeniso zorhwebo eziguquguqukayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ayinabambiso okanye inesibambiso esingagxilanga. Isetyenziselwa ukuhlangabezana nokuguquguquka kwemali yokusebenza yemihla ngemihla.
• Imali yee-invoyisi: Ibuyiselwa ngentlawulo yee-invoyisi ezithile. Ikhuselwe zizo kanye ezo mali zisafunyanwa. Isetyenziselwa izithuba eziphindaphindayo phakathi kokuthumela ii-invoyisi nentlawulo.
• Imali-mboleko yophuhliso: Ibuyiselwa ngokuthengiswa okanye ukuxhaswa ngokutsha kweprojekthi egqityiweyo. Ikhuselwe sisiza kunye nemisebenzi yokwakha. Isetyenziselwa ukuxhasa ulwakhiwo ngokutsalwa kwemali ngezigaba.

Eyona nto isondele kakhulu yimali-mboleko yophuhliso, enyanisweni eyimali-mboleko yebhulorho ekhutshwa ngezavenge ngokuhambelana nenkqubela yokwakha kwaye ivavanywa ngexabiso elipheleleyo lophuhliso kunokuba lixabiso langoku.

Ukuvavanya imali-mboleko yebhulorho

Ixabiso le-asethi kunye ne-LTV. Ixabiso lemarike langoku, kwaye amaxesha amaninzi ixabiso elahlukileyo leentsuku ezingama-90 okanye lokuthengiswa ngenkani elibonisa ukuba le asethi ingafumana ntoni phantsi koxinzelelo lwexesha. Ii-LTV zebhulorho zilumkile kanye ngenxa yokuba umbolekisi kusenokufuneka athengise ngokukhawuleza.

Isikhundla sesibambiso. Esesokuqala okanye esesibini, kunye nebhalansi eseleyo kuso nasiphi na isibambiso esibekwe ngaphambili.

Ukuthembeka kwendlela yokuphuma. Ubungqina obubhaliweyo bendlela yokuphuma, ixesha layo, kunye nesixa-mali esiya kuveliswa yiyo, kunye nomda ongaphezulu kunesixa sokubuyisela.

Ukukhethwa kwexesha. Ixesha elaneleyo lokuba indlela yokuphuma igqitywe kunye nomda. Iimali-mboleko ezibhalelwe olona shedyuli lufutshane lunokwenzeka zihlala zigqitha ixesha.

Isakhono somboleki. Ayikho kangako kwingeniso koko ingakumbi malunga nokuba umboleki angakwazi na ukuyiphumeza indlela yokuphuma — irekhodi lokusebenza kwiintengiselwano ezifanayo, umgangatho wabacebisi abaqeqeshiweyo, namava ngohlobo lwe-asethi.

Indlela yesibini yokuphuma. Into ebuyisela imali-mboleko ukuba indlela yokuphuma ephambili isilele.

Ukunyanzeliseka ngokomthetho. Ingaba isibambiso sibhaliswe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ukunyanzeliswa kungathatha ixesha elingakanani kulawulo lommandla olufanelekileyo. Kwiimarike apho ukuthengisa isibambiso kuthatha iminyaka, ixabiso lokhuseleko elisebenzayo liphantsi kakhulu kunokuba uqikelelo lubonisa.

Imingcipheko

Kubaboleki:

• Ukungaphumeleli kwendlela yokuphuma. Ukuba intengiso iyawa okanye ukuxhaswa ngokutsha kuyaliwa, imali-mboleko isafuneka ihlawulwe. Inzala yokungahlawuli iyasebenza, kwaye i-asethi ebekwe njengesibambiso isemngciphekweni.
• Iindleko zokugqitha ixesha. Inzala edityanisiweyo kunye namazinga okungahlawuli adibana ngokukhawuleza kwisibonelelo semali ebesinexabiso leenyanga nje.
• Ukuthengiswa ngenkani ngexabiso eliphantsi. Iintengiso zokunyanzelisa azifane zifumane amaxabiso entengiso evulelekileyo.
• Ukujongela phantsi iindleko zizonke. Iindleko zokucwangcisa, zendlela yokuphuma, zoqikelelo lwexabiso kunye nezomthetho xa zidibene zinokudlula inzala yesibonelelo semali esifutshane.

Kubabolekisi:

• Ukugxila kudidi olunye lwe-asethi. Iincwadi zebhulorho zihlala zixhomekeke kakhulu kwizakhiwo, ngoko ke ukulungiswa kwemarike kubetha ipotifoliyo yonke ngaxeshanye.
• Umngcipheko woqikelelo lwexabiso. Ukubolekisa ngebhulorho kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo ekuchanekeni koqikelelo lwexabiso ngaphezu kokubolekisa okusekelwe kwingeniso, kuba uqikelelo lulo lonke ukhuseleko.
• Ukwandiswa okucothayo. Ukuqengqeleza isibonelelo endaweni yokuba ukunyanzelisa kunokuguqula umngcipheko wexesha elifutshane ube ngumngcipheko wexesha elide ongazange uvunywe njengolo hlobo.
• Iindleko kunye nokulibaziseka kokunyanzelisa. Isikhundla esomeleleyo somthetho sinexabiso elincinane apho ukufumana imali kuthatha iminyaka.

Xa imali-mboleko yebhulorho ifanelekayo, naxa ingafanelekanga

Ukufaneleka okusengqiqweni: ukungangqinelani kwexesha okuyinyani, kunye nendlela yokuphuma ebhaliweyo, ithuba elifutshane, kunye ne-asethi enetayitile ecacileyo kunye nemarike ethembekileyo.

Ukungafanelanga: ukugubungela intsilelo ngaphandle kwendlela yokuphuma echongiweyo, ukuxhasa ngemali iilahleko zokusebenza eziqhubekayo, okanye ukuthatha indawo yemali yexesha elide umboleki angakwaziyo ukuyifumana. Kwimeko yokugqibela imali-mboleko yebhulorho ihlehlisa nje ingxaki yovavanyo lomngcipheko ngeendleko eziphezulu, kwaye indlela yokuphuma — ukubolekwa kwakhona — yiyo kanye loo nto umboleki ebesele engakwazi ukuyifumana.